THE PRESENT
PERFECT TENSE
I have
hardly made a start
a.
Bentuk :
Subyek + have/has + past paarticiple.
Contoh
He has worked
They have worked
You have worked
b. Penyingkatan: Have / has not dapat
diringkas penulisannya .
-Contoh :
She has not worked menjadi : She hasn’t worked
c.
Penggunaan :
-
Untuk perbuatan yang baru saja selesai .
Contoh : He
has just gone out,
- Untuk suatu perbuatan lampau yang waktunya tak ditentukan atau
diketahui berlangsungnya.
Contoh : I have read the instruction but I don’t understand them.
-
Untuk suatu perbuatan yang sudah dilakukan dan dapat terjadi lagi di masa
mendatang.
Contoh : I have seen wolves in that forest ( lain kali mungkin masih akan
bertemu dengan serigala lagi di hutan itu)
Tetapi : I
used to see wolves here (berarti dulu saya bisa melihat serigala tetapi
sekarang tidak melihat lagi).
-
Digunakan
bersama dengan lately, recently, y et.
Contoh : He
has not finished yet.
Catatan :
Dapat pula menggunakan periode waktu seperti : to day, this week, this month,
this year, tetapi dengan syarat waktunya yang tepat tida/ belum
diketahui. Bila waktu kejadian sudah diketahui maka yang digunkan adalah past
tense.
Sedangkan
untuk keterangan waktu this morning hanya sampai jam 13,00 dan
untuk this afternoon sampai jam 17.00. Apabila melebihi waktu tersebut
berarti tonight dan harus menggunakan past tense.
Contoh :
Have you seen him today ( jam nya tak jelas)
He went back to work this morning.
-
Untuk suatu
perbuatan yang sudah berl;angsung sejak dulu dan kejadiannya berakhir pada
waktu dibicarakan.
Contoh :
(Ketika sedang menyapu dia berkata ): This room has not been cleaned for months.
Digunakan untuk kalimat yang menggunakan keterangan waktu ‘ for ‘ dan
‘since’.
Contoh : We have lived in Kendal for ten years (dan
sekarang
masih tinggal di Kendal).
Catatan ; Untuk kata ‘since ‘ tidak digunakan’ the’ sesudahnya dan untuk’
for’ digunakan’ the’ sesudahnya . Jadi yang ada ‘since last week’ dan’ for the
last week’.
-
Digunakan
dalam bahasa surat menyurat, surat kabar dan radio dengan catatan :
-
Dalam surat
menyurat semua kalimaty dalam bentuk Presnt Perfect Tense .
Contoh
: I am sory I haven’t written for such a lng time , but I have been very
busy lately as my partner has been away…..
- Dalam surat kabar atau radio hanya
pada kalimat pertama saja untuk
selanjutnya Past Tense yang digunakan.
Contoh :
Thirty thousand pounds worth of jewellery has been stolen from Jonathan Wild
and Company. The thieves broke into the flat above some time during Sunday night.
HOME WORK :
WRITE DOWN A POEM IN ENGLISH 8 SENTENCES MINIMALY. ( you can make
by your self or take from a magazine etc)
-
MATERI 5: A
LETTER
Kendal,
November 25, 2005
Dear Tom,
Thanks for
your letter. It is good to hear from you and your family agin. We are all fine
here in Kendal. I heard that it is pretty cold now in London. You asked me how
to make angklung.So I am going to give you interesting information. This is how
to make it.
First of
all, you have to find a good piece of bamboo. Thend cut it into small pieces.
The next step is to make bamboo smoth, and then give a hole at the end of the
bamboo.After that arranges them in a unity. Finally give colour for making good
appearance.
The whole
process takes several days.
Well, I hope
my explanation is clear enough for you. Will you make one? Tom, I would have to
finish my letter now because I want to mail it today. And my sister who will
mail it is ready to go!
Bye and best regards to all!
Bambang
GRAMMAR IN FOCUS
BENTUK “
GOING TO”
Bentuk
“ going to” digunakan dala perbuatan yang akan datang yakni :
-
Untuk suatu
perbuatan yang sudah direncanakan dan persiapan-persiapannya telah dibuat.
-
Contoh :
-
I am going
to meet Tom at the station at 6.oo
-
Jika kita
hendak menekankan kehendak subyeknya, maka digunakan bagian kalimat penunjuk
waktu .
-
Contoh :
-
He is going
to be a dentist when he grows up.
Dapat digunakan tanpa keterangan waktu :
Contoh :
So I am
going to give you an interesting information .
-
Tak dapat
digunakan dengan kata kerja “go” atau “come”
Contoh :
Bukan : I am
going to go. Tetapi : I am going
Bukan : I am
going to come .Tetapi : I am coming
-
Untuk
menunjukkan perasaan pembicara akan kepastian datangnya suatu peristiwa.
-
Contoh :
That boy is going to be sick: he looks quite green.
That boy is going to be sick: he looks quite green.
It is going
to rain: look at tyhose clouds.
HOME WORK :
Complete
these pharagraph by choosing the appropiate sentence /word bellow.
Kendal, November 25, 2005
Dear Tom,
Thanks for
your letter. It is ……..again. We are all fine here in Kendal. I heard that it
is pretty cold now in London. You asked me how to make angklung.So…………... This
is how to make it.
First of
all,…………………. Thend ,cut it into small pieces. The next step is to make bamboo
smoth, and then give a hole at the end of the bamboo.After that arrange them in
a unity. Finally give colour for making good appearance.
The
whole…………………...
Well, I hope
…………………for you. Will you make one? Tom, I would have to finish my letter now
because I want to mail it today. And my sister who will mail it is ready to go!
Bye and best regards to all!
Bambang
- I am going
to give you an interesting information
- you have
to find a good piece of bamboo
- good to
hear from you and your family
- my
explanation is clear enough
- process
takes several days
MATERI
6 : ADVERTISEMENT
|
KAMPUNG NIGHT AT HOTEL
BERLIAN
Friday, 26 th JULY 2005 from
7 pm.
In celebration of Kendal’s
anniversary this year. Hotel Berlian will hold a special evening at the
poolside offering a popular Indonesian dishes in a market atmosphere. All you
can eat for Rp. 50.000
Come in traditional consume
Entertainment : Traditional
dance
Limited space CALL NOW for
reservation on 0294 382811
Jln, Pahlawan Gang Srikaya
no 11 Kebondalem
|
||
WRITE ONE WORD OR MORE
IN EACH BLANK:
1. Kampung night will be held at
………
2. The event will start at …………
3. It is to celebrate……………..
4. You can eat everything
if you pay ……..
5. You will be entertained by
……………
6. Hotel Berlian is situated on
………….
7. For reservation we can call on
8. You have to make a reservation
call immediately because there is …………… space.
GRAMMAR IN FOCUS
NUMBERS (PENULISAN ANGKA DAN BILANGAN)
Friday, 25 th Ags 2005
from 7 pm.
1, Cardinal
numbers
Contoh :
1 =
one 2= two 3-
three 4 = four etc
ke I = the
first ke 2 = the second ke 3 = the
third ke 4 – the fourth
ke 5 = the fifth etc
2. Fraction
(Bilangan pecahan)
Contoh :
= a half
= a (one) third
= a (one ) quarter
4. Decimal (bilangan desimal)
Contoh :
2,5 ditulis
2.5 = two point five
3,14 ditulis
3.14 = three point fourteen
15,88
ditulis 15.88 = fifteen point eighty-eight
5. Addition (penjumlahan)
Contoh :
4=6
= 10 four plus six is
(equals)ten
18 =
26 = 44 eighteen plus twenty- six is fourty-four
6. Substraction (pengurangan)
Contoh :
17-8
= 15 seventeen minus eight is fifteen
126- 25 =
101 one hundred and twenty six minus twenty five is one
hundred and one
7
Multiplication
(perkalian)
Contoh :
12X9
= 108 twelve times nine is one hundret and eight
41X20
= 820 forty one times twenty is eight hundred and twenty.
7. Division (pembagian)
Contoh
:
26 ; 2
= 13 twenty six divided by two is thirteen
100 ; 2 =
25 one hundred divided by four is twenty five.
8. Root (akar )
Contoh :
9 = 3 the root of nine is three
400 = the root of four hundred is twenty
HOME WORK ;
Write down in numeric English.
- 28
- ke- 101
- 109.75
- 205+69 = 274
MATERI
7 : AN UNFORGETTABLE EXPERIENCE
I have an unforgettable experience that heppened about
two years ago. One day I went for a walk to enjoy the morning fresh weather
after I had some house work. Then I decided to go to market. When I just came
to a fruit –seller for some apples, I I heard a noisese. I saw a boy running
toward me and suddently threw a purse to me. He did not say anything and left
away quickly. Before I knew wahat really happened, a woman came to me. She was
in a hurry and she looked at the purse on my hand. Just like a thunder, she hit
me on the head while accusing me of stealing her purse. The good-for-
nothing purse was a convincing proof.
KOSA KATA :
|
Bad luck = nasib malang
|
Nervous= gemetar
|
||
|
Fruit-seller = penjual buah
|
Defend=mempertahankan
|
||
|
Purse = dompet
|
All of a sudden = serta merta
|
||
|
Thunder = guntur, guruh
|
Unlucky= tak menguntungkan
|
||
|
Accusing = mendakwa
|
Arose = bangkit
|
||
|
Good for nothing = brengsek
|
Detected= mengetahui
|
||
|
Convincing= meyakinkan
|
Being detected= ketahuan
|
||
|
Proof = bukti
|
Fault = kekhilafan
|
||
|
Confused=bingung
|
Apologized= minta maaf
|
||
|
Even = bahkan
|
Proverb= peribahasa
|
||
|
Shouted= berteriak
|
It’s no use crying over spilt milk = nasi telah menjadi bubur.
|
||
|
Attacted – menarik perhatian
|
.
GRAMMAR IN FOCUS
PECIAL WORDS
A FEW ; berarti sedikit atau
beberapa, few berarti lebih sedikit dari pada a few, biasanya didahului oleh
kata ‘ a few’ (hanya). Kedua kata ini dipakai untuk kata-kata benda yang dapat
dihitung.
Contoh :
There are a few students in classroom
= ada beberapa (sedikit) siswa di kelas.
There are only few students in the classroom
= hanya ada sedikit siswa di kelas.
A LITTLE: artinya sedikit, untuk kata benda yang tak dapat dihitung
(barang cair, bahan dsb) ; little dengan kata benda yang tak dapat
dihitung berarti lebih sedikit dari pada a little.
Contoh :
Mother
bought a little coffee
ALTHOUGH adalah kata sambung (konjungsi) yang berarti meskipun . Kata
ini dalam suatu kalimat tidak boleh diikuti dengan but
Contoh : Although it rained , they worked in the rice field
Atau : It rained , but they they worked in the rice field
(meskipun hujan mereka bekerja di sawah)
BESIDE artinya di samping atau di sni ( = next to)
sedangkan besides (ada huruf s dibelakangnya) berarti selain
Contoh : Rudi likes to sit beside Irwan
Besides reading I also like singing
IN SPITE OF artinya
meskipun (sama dengan despite) harus diikuti kata benda atau frasa benda.
Contoh : In spite of her
richness, she was not arrogant (meskipun kaya ia tidak sewenang-wenang)
Instead of writing an essay, Irma wrote a letter (Yang mestinya menulis
karangan, Irma menulis surat)
HOME WORK : Rewrite these sentences depend on the text (arrange
again) try not to look at the
text.
1. One day I
went for a walk to enjoy the morning fresh weather after I had some house
work
2. When I
just came to a fruit –seller for some apples, I heard a noisese. I saw a boy
running toward me and suddently threw a purse to me
3. He did
not say anything and left away quickly. Before I knew wahat really happened, a
woman came to me
4. She was
in a hurry and she looked at the purse on my hand. Just like a thunder,
she hit me on the head while accusing me of stealing her purse
5. I have an
unforgettable experience that heppened about two years ago
6. Then I
decided to go to market
7. The
good-for- nothing purse was a convincing proof
Label:
BAHASA INGGRIS (Kelas XII)
0 komentar: